Tartu is the second-largest city in Estonia and is often considered the intellectual and cultural hub of the country, largely due to the presence of the University of Tartu, which is one of the oldest universities in Northern Europe. The city is known for its youthful vibe, with students making up a significant portion of the population, contributing to its lively atmosphere and vibrant cultural scene. Tartu boasts a charming old town with well-preserved buildings, narrow streets, and historical landmarks such as the Tartu Town Hall Square and the Tartu Cathedral ruins. The city is also home to numerous museums, including the Estonian National Museum, which showcases the country's history and culture. Tartu's green spaces, like Toomemägi Hill and the banks of the Emajõgi River, provide picturesque settings for outdoor activities. The city hosts various festivals throughout the year, celebrating everything from music and film to science and literature, reflecting its status as a center of education and creativity. Despite its rich history, Tartu has a modern side too, with contemporary architecture, shopping centers, and an array of dining options that cater to diverse tastes. Overall, Tartu offers a blend of historical charm and modern conveniences, making it a compelling destination for visitors and a comfortable place for residents.