Turin, known as Torino in Italian, is a city steeped in history and culture, located in the Piedmont region of Italy. It is renowned for its refined architecture, cuisine, and industrious spirit, being the home of Fiat, one of Italy's major car manufacturers. The city is characterized by its elegant squares, such as Piazza Castello and Piazza San Carlo, baroque buildings, and grand boulevards. Turin is also famous for its numerous museums, including the Egyptian Museum, which is second only to Cairo's in terms of the richness of its collections. The Mole Antonelliana, which towers over the city, is another iconic landmark, housing the National Museum of Cinema. Turin was the first capital of modern Italy and played a pivotal role in the country's unification. The city is surrounded by the Alps and the Po River, offering stunning natural scenery. It hosted the 2006 Winter Olympics, which showcased its capacity to blend tradition with modernity. Turin's cultural scene is vibrant, with numerous festivals, theaters, and live music venues, reflecting its status as a dynamic urban center. The city is also a hub for higher education and research, with prestigious universities attracting students from around the world. Despite its industrial roots, Turin has expansive green spaces, such as the Valentino Park, providing residents and visitors with a respite from urban life.